Three basic types of heat exchanger the simple parallel or counter. R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. John richard thome ltcm sgm epfl heat transfer heat exchanger design 1er mars 2008 4 41. Types of heat exchangers shell and tube, plate type. Gtls, is a specialist in the design and manufacture of brazed aluminum heat exchangers bahx, which are mission critical for. Fullywelded plate heat exchangers meeting the highest of all demands our fullywelded plate heat exchangers make a convincing case due to their minimal size, outstanding thermal transfer coefficients and comparatively minimal investment costs. The application of heat exchangers in industrial processes is critical to ensuring optimal productivity. The heart of the heat exchanger contains a fully welded circular plate pack made by pressing and cutting round plates and welding them together.
A heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. In parallelflow heat exchangers, the two fluids enter the exchanger at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another to the other side. Heat exchanger is a process equipment designed for the effective transfer of heat energy between two fluids. Selection, rating, and thermal design written by sadik kakac, hongtan liu and anchasa pramuanjaroenkij is very useful for mechanical engineering mech students and also who are all having an interest to develop their knowledge in the field of design.
In counterflow heat exchanger the fluids enter the exchanger from opposite ends. Thanks to the automated production and compact design of our brazed plate heat exchanger series, we can put together an individual heat exchanger for you within a very short time. Heat exchanger may be classified according to their flow arrangement. Their are many types of heat exchanger as per their flow arrangement 1. Brazed aluminum heat exchangers chart industries, inc. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. Tlm however, in process engineering practice most heat exchangers are not of this type, having several shell passes and tube passes.
Another type of heat exchanger is the plate heat exchanger. Some of the types of shell and tube heat exchangers available include helical coil heat exchangers and double pipe heat exchangers, and some of the applications include preheating, oil cooling, and steam generation. Shell and tube heat exchangers are useful for pressurized application. Find out ntu from the ntu relationships for different types of heat. The basic concept of a heat exchanger is based on the premise that the loss of heat on the high temperature side is exactly the same as the heat gained in the low temperature side after the heat and mass flows through the heat exchanger. It occurs naturally in heat transfer processes across several types of industries. A heat exchanger is a device built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Comparison of heat exchanger types parallel heat exchanger.
In this case, the two fluids enter the heat exchanger from the same end with a large temperature difference. A heat exchanger is a device for heat transfer from one medium to another. Indirect heat exchangers are available in several main types plate, shelland tube, spiral etc. Optimisation of plateplatefin heat exchanger design. Study the basic principles of heat exchanger design for shell and tube and jacket type heat exchangers. The heat in the gas is transferred into a liquid, usually water or a thermal oil.
If the tube is curved, with the shape of a u, it is called a utube. Doublepipe heat exchanger one fluid flows through the smaller pipe while the other fluid flows through the annular space between the two pipes. Therefore, the aim of this research is to tackle the problem of developing optimisation methodologies of plateplatefin heat exchanger design. Heat exchangers 73 individual thermal resistances of the system. Tubeintube heat exchanger type he tubeintube heat exchanger type he is used primarily for heat transfer between the liquid and suction lines of the refrigeration plant. It is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy from one body or fluid stream to another. This type of heat exchanger, also referred to as a surface heat exchanger, can be further classi.
Although heat exchangers come in every shape and size imaginable, the construction of most heat exchangers fall into one of two categories. A piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. In aircooled heat exchangers, the viscosity correction on the air side is negligible and, hence, r can be set to unity. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. In counter flow heat exchangers, the two fluids flow in. Due to the high heat transfer efficiency of the plates, plate type heat exchangers are usually very small when compared to a tube and shell type heat exchanger with the same heat transfer capacity. Using plate type heat exchangers as our core technology, we provide thermal solutions to our customers all over the world. Heat exchange involve convection in each fluid and. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. In a heat exchanger, there is no direct contact between the two fluids. Incropera fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, 6th edition.
Introduction fouling is defined as the formation of unwanted material deposition on the heat transfer surface. Apv offers highly effective turnkey automation and process engineering solutions. Understanding heat exchangers types, designs, applications and. Heat exchangers have widespread industrial and domestic applications.
These cover virtually every type of duty even condensing and evaporation duties. Pdf a heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. The shellandtube heat exchanger type has already been stud. Pdf selection of heat exchanger types gerard hawkins. As the name implies, this types of heat exchangers are made up of large numbers of tubes and a shell, covering the bundles of tubes. Our brazed plate heat exchangers offer customized solutions for a wide variety of applications. Heat exchangers may be classified according to transfer process, construction, flow arrange ment, surface compactness, number of fluids and heat transfer mechanisms as shown in fig.
There are various types of heat exchangers, of which shell and tube heat exchangers form the largest product category about 30%, followed by plateandframe exchangers 2030%. Heat exchanger is a device for transferring heat from one medium to another. When flow of fluid is periodic then it is known as regenerative type heat exchangers. The heat exchanger must be isolated from system vibrations using flexible piping connections and isolation pads on the mounting feet. The counter current design is most efficient, in that it can. Introduction of heat exchangers piping analysis youtube.
Stamixco manufactures static mixer heat exchangers for enhancing heat transfer in laminar flow applications. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants. Hisaka continues to supply reliable plate heat exchangers. Heat exchangers, cross flow, parallel flow, and counter flow. The role of engineering designers is to convert the user needs into the heat exchanger outputs. Pdf download sadik kakac, hongtan liu and anchasa pramuanjaroenkij by heat exchangers. They perform with onethird to onefifth the surface area of conventional shell and tube heat exchangers designed for the same application. The number of transfer units ntu method is used to calculate the rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers. Pdf heat exchangers selection rating and thermal design. Radiator the name heat exchanger is often reserved for the case where om the hot water flowing through the radiator tubes to the. There are many types of heat exchangers applied in the process industry. However, the application of compact heat exchangers is prohibited by the lack of design methodology. Design of the tube bundle is such that, all the entry sides. The first type of a heat exchanger is called the recuperative type, in which heat are exchanged on either side of a dividing wall by fluids.
Radiator type waterair heat exchanger pdf heat exchanger can be categorized according to. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural. Chapter 5 heat exchangers faculty of engineering and. Heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers. Crossflow heat exchangers drive the heated process fluid and coolant in directions that are perpendicular to each other. Depending on the type of heat exchanger employed, the heat transferring process can be gastogas, liquidtogas, or liquidtoliquid and occur through a solid separator, which prevents mixing of the. Heat exchanger fouling and estimation of remaining useful life. Various types of fins and attachments are illustrated in fig.
The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. Heat exchangers are devices designed to transfer heat between two or more fluidsi. For the heat transfer to occur two fluids must be at different temperatures and they must come thermal contact. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. A plate type heat exchanger, as illustrated in figure 2, consists of plates instead of tubes to separate the hot and cold fluids. A practical guide for planning, selecting and designing of shell and tube exchangers takes users on a stepbystep guide to the design of heat exchangers in daily practice, showing how to determine the effective driving temperature difference for heat transfer. In most cases the plate type is the most efficient heat exchanger. The second type is regenerative type, in which hot and cold fluids are in the same space which contain a. In a single pass heat exchanger, the fluid goes into one end of a tube and out the other. In parallel flow heat exchangers, both the tube side fluid and the shell side fluid flow in same direction. Contents preface li acknowledgments liii author lv chapter1 heatexchangers. Types of heat exchangers used in the oil and gas industry. The consequences of fouling accumulation include not only the economic loss, but heat transfer efficiency degradation, high flow resistance and pressure drops, and increased safety hazards, such as. Furthermore, when english units are used, the pressure drop in these exchangers is usually expressed in inches of water.
There are two inputs and two outputs, and the spaces between plates alternate between the two liquids hot, cold, hot, cold, etc. May 04, 2009 heat transfer 1 heat exchangers heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. Heat exchanger analysis 3 the lmtd method for a singlepass counterflow heat exchanger the design value ua follows from ua q. Flow arrangement of heat exchangers heat exchanger. Heat transfer 1 heat exchangers heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. The su heat exchanger is an instantaneous type, designed to heat liquids with steam. Assume tube diameter and bwg, assume tube length, l 2. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural gas processing and. If the heat exchanger is located at the inlet or discharge of a blower with a pulsating flow, such as a roots type rotary lobe blower, the heat exchanger must be protected from the pulsation by a chambered silencer. A mathematical model of platefin heat exchanger design is proposed to consider fin type. Optimisation of plateplate fin heat exchanger design kunpeng guo the university of manchester 2015 abstractphd thesis with increasing global energy consumption, stringent environmental protection legislation and safety regulations in industrialised nations, energy saving has been put under high priority. Types of heat exchanger, process design of shell and tube heat exchanger, condenser, and reboilers. Cross or counter flow as per their construction materials 1. Understanding heat exchangers types, designs, applications.
This heat exchanger has application in preheating for steam power plants, blast furnaces and oxygen producers etc. Although the majority of heat exchangers used on chemical plant are shell and tube units, there are many other types available. Plate heat exchanger another type of heat exchanger is the plate heat exchanger. Comparison of shellandtube with plate heat exchangers for the use. In general, for the calculation and design of the different components of heat exchangers, in this document the criteria set by tema code is. Heat exchangers c50g a complete line of efficient heat exchangers oc and of straight tube heat exchanger. The shellandtube heat exchanger is composed of a shell containing a large number of tubes.
Parallel flow heat exchanger in parallel flow heat exchangers, the two mediums enter the exchanger at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another to the other side. Simplified heat exchanger design calculations2 if inlet and outlet temperatures and one mass flow rate are known 1. A more detailed description of aircooled heat exchanger geometries is given refs. As shown in figure 1, a sphe consists of two sheets that were rolled around a central rod and therefore two separated concentric channels are made. The heated liquid can be then used in an application where you would normally use even more energy to heat it up. This is composed of multiple, thin, slightlyseparated plates that have very large surface areas and fluid flow passages for heat transfer. Tubetotubesheet joints of some types of shellandtube heat exchangers, such as fixed tubesheet hyydrotest and closed feedwater heaters in which the channel is welded to the shell, are visible only from the channel side with the shell side under pressure. Heat exchanger and its types engineering solutions. Plate type heat exchangers are not widely used because of the inability to reliably seal the large gaskets between each of the plates. Heat exchangers doehdbk1018193 types of heat exchangers. Many types of heat exchangers have been developed for use in steam power plants, chemical processing plants, building heat and air conditioning systems. Gpx models have higher surface area to volume ratios than conventional shell and tube heat exchangers.
The heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the metal isolating the two fluids and then to the cooler fluid. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between. Added eight types of arrangement mode for the apple inc. This article focuses on heat exchangers, exploring the various designs and types available and explaining their respective functions and mechanisms. Different types of shell and tube designs are possible. Examples of relatively simple types of heat exchangers are those used in refrigerators and cars. There are several thousands of these types of exchangers in use today cooling andor condensing everything from engine jacket water to process steam to high viscous tar. Types of heat exchangers industrial heat exchanger.
The purpose is to utilise the cooling effect, utilise which without a heat exchanger is otherwise lost. Doclive free unlimited document files search and download. Pdf heat exchanger types and classifications researchgate. The tubes can also be straight, with one or two passes. Among different types of heat exchangers th at are used for cooling and heating the fluids in industries, spiral plate heat exchanger sphe has an especial place. In this type the same space is occupied by the hot and cold fluid between which heat is exchanged. A third type of heat exchanger is a plate and shell heat exchanger, which combines plate heat exchanger with shell and tube heat exchanger technologies.
Calculate q and the remaining mass flow rate using energy conservation 2. A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Heat is transferred between the fluid in the tubes and the fluid inside the shell. Most direct contact heat exchangers fall under the gas liquid category, where heat is transferred between a gas and liquid in the form of drops, films or sprays. Finned tube heat exchangers are often used for heat recovery in processes that exhaust hot gasses. The hot and cold fluids alternate between each of the plates. This stacked plate arrangement can be more effective, in a given space, than the shell and tube heat. Tubular exchanger manufacturers association tema classifies heat exchangers. Such types of heat exchangers are used predominantly in air conditioning, humidification, industrial hot water heating, water cooling and condensing plants. The engineer may have little knowledge of the attributes of these other types so is not able to make a reasonable. The author claims no originality but hopes that the format and contents will provide a comprehensive introduction. Title pdf heat exchangers selection rating and thermal design third edition author.
It is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy from one body or fluid stream to another heat exchanger seminar ppt with pdf report heat exchangers are found widely scattered throughout the food process industry. The rate of change of angular momentum in the limit. Comparison of heat exchanger types each of the three types of heat exchangers parallel, cross and counter flow has advantages and disadvantages. These exchangers are composed of many thin, slightly separated plates that have very large surface areas and small fluid flow passages for heat transfer. Combining each of these resistances in series gives. Plate heat exchangers also differ in the types of plates that are used, and in the. Heat can flow only from the hotter to the cooler fluid. Design of heat exchangers3 user needs of heat exchanger include types of fluids, quality of fluids fouled fluids, clean fluids,etc. But of the three, the counter flow heat exchanger design is the most efficient when comparing heat transfer rate per unit surface area. Aircooled heat exchangers aches are used through out the world for process cooling andor condensing. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent. Advances in gasket and brazing technology have made the plate type heat exchanger increasingly practical. Innovative plate design allows gpx heat exchangers to provide more heat transfer using less space. Heat exchanger objective the objective of the experiment is to investigate the effect of operating conditions on heat transfer in two basic types of heat exchangers.
For these designs a correction factor f is applied, using. These industrial solutions combine the extensive array of heat exchangers for evaporation, pasteurization and uht, pumps rotary, centrifugal, inducer, etc. The fouling problem exists in more than 90 percent steinhagen r, 1993 of heat exchangers. Plate and frame heat exchanger plate heat exchangers plate heat exchangers are constructed with a series of plates held together in a large frame.
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